Which scenario best illustrates the concept of natural selection?

The concept of natural selection is fundamentally rooted in the idea that certain traits increase an organism's chances of surviving and reproducing in a given environment. In the scenario where environmental changes favor traits that enhance survival, it directly illustrates this concept because it highlights how specific adaptations become advantageous as circumstances evolve. For example, if a particular environment experiences a shift, such as a change in climate or the introduction of new predators, individuals within a population that possess traits better suited to the new conditions are more likely to survive and reproduce.

As these individuals pass on their favorable traits to the next generation, the population may gradually change over time, with those advantageous traits becoming more common. This process showcases the core principles of natural selection: variation in traits, differential survival and reproduction, and heritability. Thus, option B effectively encapsulates the mechanism of natural selection in action, illustrating how environmental pressures play a crucial role in shaping the evolutionary trajectory of populations.

In contrast, the other scenarios do not accurately represent natural selection. Option A suggests that all organisms have equal reproductive success, which contradicts the concept that some traits confer advantages over others. Option C implies that generational changes occur independently of environmental influences, neglecting the role of environmental pressures in driving selective changes