Which of the following is an example of a sustainable practice that helps protect biodiversity?

Organic farming is recognized as a sustainable practice that helps protect biodiversity because it emphasizes ecological principles and promotes a healthy ecosystem. Unlike industrial farming, which often relies on the heavy use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, and monoculture practices, organic farming utilizes natural methods to enhance soil fertility and pest management. This approach encourages diversity in crops, maintains healthy soil, conserves water, and reduces pollution.

By avoiding harmful chemicals, organic farming supports a variety of organisms within the agricultural ecosystem, from beneficial insects to soil microorganisms. This increased biodiversity helps ensure the resilience of the agricultural system against pests and diseases, promotes soil health, and reduces erosion. Moreover, organic farming practices often prioritize the use of native species and heirloom varieties, thereby contributing to the preservation of genetic diversity within agricultural landscapes.

In contrast, industrial farming tends to decrease biodiversity through practices like monoculture and habitat destruction. Urban development may lead to habitat fragmentation and loss of species. Groundwater extraction, while essential for many agricultural and urban needs, can deplete water resources and negatively impact aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, organic farming stands out as the most effective sustainable practice for protecting biodiversity among the options presented.