Which of the following can lead to a loss of biodiversity in an ecosystem?

Climate change is a significant factor that can lead to a loss of biodiversity in ecosystems. As global temperatures rise and weather patterns shift, many species struggle to adapt to swiftly changing environments. Changes in climate can affect species' habitats, migration patterns, and the availability of food and resources. For instance, some species may find it difficult to migrate to cooler areas due to human barriers or changes in vegetation, leading to population declines or even extinction. Additionally, climate change can increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as storms, floods, and droughts, which can further threaten species and their habitats.

In contrast to climate change, conservation efforts and habitat preservation are aimed at protecting and maintaining biodiversity. These practices often create safe environments for species to thrive and can mitigate some of the impacts of climate change. Species adaptation refers to the natural process by which species evolve over time to better survive in their environments, which can also contribute to biodiversity if species can adapt to changing conditions.