What impact does pollution have on biodiversity?

Pollution has a profound impact on biodiversity, primarily causing species decline and habitat degradation. When pollutants—such as chemicals, heavy metals, or plastics—enter ecosystems, they can contaminate air, water, and soil, leading to a range of detrimental effects on living organisms.

Certain species may become more vulnerable to diseases, reproductive issues, and mortality due to exposure to toxic substances, which can ultimately result in population declines. Additionally, pollution can alter habitats, making them unsuitable for various species. For example, water pollution can degrade aquatic habitats by reducing oxygen levels, harming fish and other aquatic life. Similarly, air pollution can affect plant life, which serves as the foundation for terrestrial ecosystems.

Thus, the correct understanding of pollution's impact is that it significantly threatens the stability and diversity of ecosystems, leading to declines in species populations and degradation of their habitats. This understanding underscores the importance of addressing pollution to protect and preserve biodiversity.