What does "variation" mean in biological terms?

In biological terms, "variation" refers to the differences in appearance, traits, or characteristics among individuals within the same species. This concept is crucial for understanding evolution and natural selection, as variation provides the raw material for these processes. For instance, differences in color, size, or behavior can affect an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment. These variations arise from genetic differences, environmental influences, or a combination of both.

The presence of variation within a population is essential for the adaptation of species to changing environments. It allows for a greater chance that some individuals will possess traits suited for survival under specific conditions, thereby contributing to the overall fitness and resilience of the population. This is a fundamental aspect of biodiversity, highlighting the importance of maintaining genetic diversity to ensure the health and stability of ecosystems.