What defines an endemic species?

An endemic species is defined as a species that is native to and found exclusively in a specific geographic area. This means that the species has evolved and adapted within that particular environment, making it unique to that locale. The concept of endemism is crucial in biodiversity studies because it highlights the ecological significance of particular regions, especially those that host a wide variety of endemic species which may be vulnerable to environmental changes and habitat destruction.

Endemic species often arise in isolated regions, such as islands or specific mountain ranges, where geographical barriers limit their distribution. As a result, they can develop unique adaptations suited to their local conditions, distinguishing them from species that exist across broader ranges. This characteristic makes them particularly important for conservation efforts, as protecting their native habitats is vital for their survival.